Tuesday, March 31, 2015

Decomposition Reaction ( Analysis Reaction )

                          In decomposition reaction a compound is broken into elements or simpler compounds. It is also known analysis reaction.

General Reaction:
            AB       ----->   A     +      B

Example :
Split into two elements.
2H2O       2H2    +   O2
MgCl2      Mg    +   Cl2
2KCl         2K    +     Cl2
FeS         Fe    +    S

2KClO3       2KCl     +    3O2

Split into two simpler compounds.
CaCO3    CaO  +  CO2
H2CO3    H2O  +  CO2

Na2CO3    Na2O  +  CO2

Synthesis Reaction ( Combination Reaction )

                    A chemical reaction of two or more substances react to give a single product. It is also known as combination.
General Formula :
      A     +       B       ---->     AB
A and B are elements or compound.

Example:
2Na  +  Cl2    2NaCl
8Fe  S8     8FeS
Cao  +  H2O    Ca(OH)2
2CO  +  O2    2CO2
4Fe  3O2    2Fe2O3

Zn  +  I2      ZnI2  

Wednesday, March 18, 2015

Types Of Colloidal Dispersion

 Solute
 Solvent
   Dispersion
    Name
    Example
Solid
Solid
Solid In Solid
Solid Sol
Pearl, Gemstone
Solid
Liquid
Solid In Liquid
Sol
Ink
Solid
Gas
Solid In Gas
Solid Aerosol
Dust, Smoke
Liquid
Solid
Liquid In Solid
Gel
Cheese, Butter
Liquid
Liquid
Liquid In Liquid
Emulsion
Milk
Liquid
Gas
Liquid In Gas
Liquid Aerosol
Cloud, Fog
Gas
Solid
Gas In Solid
Solid Foam
Cork
Gas
Liquid
Gas In Liquid
Foam
Soda water, Soap

Types Of Solution

  SOLUTE
  SOLVENT
          TYPE
    EXAMPLE
     Solid                                ( Zinc )
     Solid             
  ( Copper )
     Solid In Solid
           Brass
   Liquid          
  ( Mercury )
    Solid                ( Silver )
     Liquid In Solid
  Dental Amalgam
   Solid             
  ( Salt )
  Liquid                ( Water )
    Solid In Liquid
        Seawater
     Liquid              
  ( Acetic Acid )
    Liquid               ( Water )
    Liquid In Liquid
        Vinegar
    Gas               
 ( CO2 )

   Liquid              ( Water )
     Gas In Solid
     Soda Water

    Gas          
   ( Air )
      Gas                 ( Nitrogen )
      Gas In Gas
         Air

Thursday, March 12, 2015

Relationship Between Atomic Number, Mass Number and Istope

* For Example :   In Carbon-12 and Carbon-14,
126C                                                          146C
Neutron - 6                                             Neutron - 8
Proton    - 6                                             Proton    - 6
Electron - 6                                              Electron - 6
Carbon-12 and carbon-14 have same atomic number and different mass number. It's known as isotopes.

* A number of proton in an atom is known as atomic number. Carbon-12 and carbon-14 both of them ontain 6 protons so that the atomic number is 6.
                 Z = 6
Z ==> Atomic number.

*    In carbon-12 , the mass number is 12 and the atomic number is 6. Mass number is bigger than the atomic number.Mass number is equal to the total number of protons and neutrons.

Wednesday, March 11, 2015

Butyric Acid

          Butyric acid molecular is C4H8O2. It is a carboxylic acid and unpleasant smell. It is also known as butanoic acid and butyrates.

Sources :  Goat, Sheep, Buffalo and milk.

Stearic Acid

               Stearic acid molecular formula is C18H36O2. It is a waxy solid. Stearic acid is a saturated fatty acid and also it is a colorless and odorless acid.

Source:  Animal fat And vegetable oil.

Lactic Acid

          Lactic acid molecular formula is C3H6O3. It is otherwise known as milk acid. Lactic acid has two optical isomers. One is known as L (+) Lactic acid Or (S) Lactic acid and its mirror image is D  (-)  Lactic acid or (R) lactic acid. Lactic acid is chiral. It is a syrupy carboxylic acid miscible with water or ethanol. Synthetic form of lactic acid used as a preservative in textile and pharmaceuticals.

Source :
      Dairy product, Soy sauce, Pickled vegetables.

Uric Acid

           Uric acid molecular formula is C5H4N4O3. Uric acid is a white odorless,tasteless, crystalline product of protein metabolism, present in the blood and urine. It is hetero cyclic compound. High blood concentration of uric acid can lead to gout. 

Source :
        Lamb, Beef, Pork, Spinach, Cauliflower etc.

Acetic Acid

                    Acetic acid molecular formula is C2H4O2. It is a weak organic acid. It gives source taste and pungent smell. It is otherwise known ethanoic acid or methane carboxylic acid.

Source :  Vinegar.

Cholic Acid

            Cholic acid molecular formula is  C24H40O5. It is a white crystalline substance. It is insoluble in water. Chloic acid is the important human bile acid. ( Bile acids are steroid acids found in the bile of mammals.

Citric Acid

            Citric acid molecular formula is C6H8O7 . It is a weak organic acid. It gives source taste to food and drinks. And also it is used as a natural preservative. It is also known as 3-carboxy-3-hydroxy pentanedioic acid. It is a white crystalline powder at room temperature.

Source: 
    Lemon, Berries, Tomatoes, pineapple.

Bleaching Powder

        It's chemical name is calcium hypochlorite. Chemical formula is Ca(ClO)2. It is otherwise known as bleaching powder or calcium oxychloride. It is mostly used for water treatment as a bleaching agent.