Physical Properties:
Reaction with Metals:
Heavy water react slowly with alkali metals and alkaline earth metals to form heavy hydrogen. ( D2 ).
- Heavy water is colorless, odourless and tasteless mobile liquid..
- Higher viscosity of heavy water is responsible for lower solubility of ionic solids like NaCl and smaller mobility ions.
Reaction with Metals:
Heavy water react slowly with alkali metals and alkaline earth metals to form heavy hydrogen. ( D2 ).
D2O
+ 2Na → 2NaOD + D2
(Sodium deuteroxide)
D2O
+ Ca → Ca(OD)2 + D2
(Calcium deuteroxide)
Reaction with Metal oxides:
Heavy water react slowly with metal oxide to form heavy alkalies. ( deuteroxides)
Na2O
+ D2O →
2NaOD
CaO + D2O →
Ca(OD)2
Reaction with Non-metallic oxides:
Heavy water react with non-metallic oxides to form deutero acid.
D2O + N2O5 →
2DNO3
(Deuteronitric
acid)
D2O
+ SO3 → D2SO4
(Deutero sulphuric acid)
3D2O
+ P2O5 → 2D3PO4
(Deuterophosphoric
acid)
Electrolysis :
On electrolysis, heavy water containing dissolved Na2Co3 decomposes into deuterium and oxygen which are liberated at the cathode and anode respectively.
2D2O → 2D2 + O2
(cathode) (anode)
Deutero hydrates:
With salt and other compounds they form deuterates.
CuSO4.5D2O, Na2SO4.10D2O,
NiCl2.6D2O.
Exchange Reactions:
When compounds containing hydrogen are treated with D2O , hydrogen is exchanged by deuterium partially or completely.
NaOH + D2O →
NaOD + HDO
NH4Cl
+ 4D2O →
ND4Cl + 4HDO
HCl + D2O
→
DCl + 4HDO
Raction with Carbide and Nitride:
CaC2 + 2D2O →
Ca(OD)2 + DC = CD
(Deuteroacetylene)
Mg3N2
+ 6D2O →
3Mg(OD)2 + 2ND3
(Magnesium nitride) (Deuterommonia)
Reaction with Phosphides: Ca3P2 +
6D2O → 3Ca(OD)2 +
2PD3
Reaction with Phosphides:
(Calcium phosphide) (Deuterophosphine)
Na3As
+ 3D2O →
NaOD + AsD3
(Sodium arsenide) (Deuteroarsene)
Biological Properties:
- The tobacco seeds do not grow in heavy water.
- Pure heavy water kill small fish, tadpoles and mice when fed upon it.
- Heavy water, retards the growth of living organisms like plants and animals.
The chemical and physical properties of ionic liquids depend on the combination of cations and anions, and the length of the alkyl chains and functional groups also have a significant effect on their properties. Functionized ionic liquids
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