In this video, you will learn how does yeast make carbon dioxide bubbles. And it makes pizza, bread, muffin and donuts dough rise. You will need sugar, warm water, yeast, soda bottle and balloon.
Fermentation :
Yeast performs fermentation to obtain energy by converting sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide.
C6H12O6———> 2C2H5OH+ 2CO2
The carbon dioxide gas bubbles, causing the bread to rise.
This video describes how to make bouncy ball at home. With in 5- 10 mins you can make a nice bouncy ball at home. you will need water, PVA (polyvinyl acetate) and bouncy ball mold.
Bouncing balls were originally made of natural rubber, through now they can made from plastic and other polymers. At bouncy ball the bouncing activity made from a polymer. Polymers are molecules made up of similar chemical units bonded together.
This video describes how we can make worm goo at home. you will need calcium chloride, warm water, and sodium alginate.It looks like a worm.
Chemical Names:
sodium alginate and calcium chloride. Sodium alginate is a common food additive as a thickener and gelling agent ice cream, jellies and jams.
Reaction :
Sodium alginate is squirted into the calcium chloride solution. Calcium chloride solution act as an activator. It changes the sodium alginate from liquid to gel like leading to the formation of worm.
2NaC6H7O6 + CaCl2 ————>2NaCl + CaC12H14O16
The calcium ions replace the sodium ions and link the polymer chains together. This chemical reaction is named as " Spherification "
In this video, you'll learn about the disappearing ink.I used thymolphthalein, a cotton swab, and a paper. It'll disappear soon.
Disappearing Ink :
Disappearing ink is a blue water based solution. Squirt the solution onto the dress materials and in a few seconds the blue stain will disappear. Due to its color change with pH, the material used to make the disappearing ink was identified as an acid-base indicator called thymolphthalein.
Dissolve the thymolphthalein in ethyl alcohol and water solution.
Add sodium hydroxide solution dropwise until the solution turns a dark blue.
Reaction:
Sodium hydroxidecause the indicator of thymolphthalein solution turn the dark blue color. Use dropper to put a few drops of thymolphthalein onto a cloth material or paper. Now it reacts with the carbon dioxide in the air.
Formation:
CO2 + H2O ---->H2CO3
The carbonic acid then reacts with the sodium hydroxide in a neutralization reaction. This reaction form sodium carbonate which is a washing soda and the ink disappears.
Neutralization :
2Na(OH) + H2CO3 ------->Na2CO3 + 2H2O
The carbon dioxide is the acid that neutralizes the base sodium hydroxide. The color of the thymolphthalein is colorless in the presence of acid.
We used paper. Paper allows less interaction with air, so the color change reaction takes more time. In a few second the stain will disappear. If you spray over the spot with ammonia the color will return.
Atomic size: In p- block elements atomic size decreases from left to right. When we move down the group atomic size increases.
Example: Boron to Thallium
Ionization energy: In p-block elements ionization energy increases from left to right. when we move down the group ionization energy decreases.
Electronegativity: In p-block elements electronegativity increases from left to right. When we move down the group electronegativity decreases.
Electron affinity: In p-block elements electron affinity increases from left to right. when we move down the group electron affinity decreases.
Allotropy: Allotropy means one element can exist in many forms.
