Friday, October 4, 2013

Lithium

  •  Lithium was discovered by Johann Arfwedson in 1817. From the Greek word lithose (stone). 
  • It present in trace amount in virtually all rocks.
  • Lithium metal is soft enough to be cut with a knife.
  • It appears silvery white color that quickly changes to gray due to oxidation.
  • Lithium has very low density 0.534gkm.
  • Lithium has the highest specific heat of any solid elements.
  • Lithium imports a crimson color to flame although the metal itself burn a bright white. 
Symbol                                  -    Li
Atomic number                     -   3
Number of electrons             -  2, 1
Electronic configuration    -  [ Helium ] 2s
Melting point                       -  453.69 K
Boiling point                       -  1615  K
Atomic Weight                    -  6.941

Atomic Structure:
Uses:
  • Lithium batteries are disposable batteries with lithium or its compound as an anode.
  • Lithium stearate is used as a high temperature lumbricant.
  • Lithium is used in ceramic, glass, electrical and electronics, lumbricating greases and metallurgy process.
  • Lithium compound are used in pyrotechnic colorants and oxidizers in red fire works and flares.
  • Lithium is useful in the treatment of bipolar disorders.
  • Lithium chloride and lithium bromide are highly hygroscopic, so are used in drying agent.

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