Lithium

•  Lithium was discovered by Johann Arfwedson in 1817. From the Greek word lithose (stone). 
• It present in trace amount in virtually all rocks.
• Lithium metal is soft enough to be cut with a knife.
• It appears silvery white color that quickly changes to gray due to oxidation.
• Lithium has very low density 0.534gkm.
• Lithium has the highest specific heat of any solid elements.
• Lithium imports a crimson color to flame although the metal itself burn a bright white. 

Symbol                                  -    Li

Atomic number                     -   3

Number of electrons             -  2, 1

Electronic configuration    -  [ Helium ] 2s¹ 

Melting point                       -  453.69 K

Boiling point                       -  1615  K

Atomic Weight                    -  6.941

Atomic Structure:

Uses:

• Lithium batteries are disposable batteries with lithium or its compound as an anode.
• Lithium stearate is used as a high temperature lumbricant.
• Lithium is used in ceramic, glass, electrical and electronics, lumbricating greases and metallurgy process.
• Lithium compound are used in pyrotechnic colorants and oxidizers in red fire works and flares.
• Lithium is useful in the treatment of bipolar disorders.
• Lithium chloride and lithium bromide are highly hygroscopic, so are used in drying agent.